Schelling Today

by David VIckrey
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Several very interesting articles commemorating Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling, who died in Bad Ragaz Switzerland 150 years ago today. While he was largely dismissed by his contemporaries, and was considered ‘eclipsed by Hegel’ at his death, his influence today is greater than ever and is only growing. One can detect the direct influence of his Naturphilosophie in the Lebensphilosophie of the late 19th century. His anti-Cartesian analysis of subjectivity, which shows how the thinking subject cannt be fully transparent to itself, influenced Nietzsche, but also contemporary practitioners of Critical Theory (Habermas wrote his doctoral thesis on Schelling).

Bernward Loheide has a piece in the Frankfurter Neue Presse where he points to a Schelling revival that is is based more on a dissatisfaction with Anglo-Saxon analytic philosophy that was so dominant in the ’70s and ’80s

“Das wachsende Unbehagen über die in den 70er und 80er Jahren führende analytische Philosophie angelsächsischer und amerikanischer Herkunft hat dem schwäbischen Denker ebenfalls neue Aktualität verliehen. Die Metaphysik-Kritik ist schal geworden. Viele Intellektuelle suchen nach einer neuen, nachmetaphysischen Metaphysik. Schelling bietet dafür hervorragende Ansätze. Sein Geist lebt und ist so jung wie einst in Jena.”

The best article is by Manfred Fank, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Tübingen, in Die Zeit. Schlegel is more relevant than ever, since he was the first to open up the possibility of a modern hermeneutic view of nature that does not restrict nature’s significance to what can be established about it in scientific terms. The limits of purely instrumental reason and the utilitarian approach to nature are visible everywhere today:

“Die Unmenschlichkeit des Bildes, das uns heute die natürliche Umwelt spiegelt, ist nur der Reflex des Verrats, den wir am »ursprünglichen Kompatriotismus mit der Natur« begangen haben. Es besteht keine Hoffnung, zu ihm zurückzukehren, es sei denn, wir besännen uns der Tatsache, dass die Natur den Menschen nicht zu ihrem Zweck hat, sondern dass sie Selbstzweck, nämlich ein selbstreflexiver Organismus ist, der sich souverän durch Assimilation und Adaptation reguliert, wie es auch – mutatis mutandis – der selbstbewusste Geist tut. Das ist die Lektion, die sich aus einer sensibilisierten Neulektüre Schellings ziehen lässt.

The unity that Schelling is contantly seeking is realized in the aesthetic, since an object of beauty as art is the ‘objective’ form of ‘subjectivity’. “All philosophizing is based on a memory of a state where we were one with nature.”

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