UPDATE: German Media Consolidation

by David VIckrey
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springer_1

The other day I wrote a post about the announced 2.5 billion euro takeover of Germany’s largest broadcasting group – ProSiebenSat.1– by the right-wing publishing group Axel Springer.  There is a growing concern that this deal will stifle political debate in Germany by presenting a uniform CDU-oriented viewpoint in German television and the leading German daily newspapers.  It is not surprising that the debate has caught the attention of the Wall Street Journal, which naturally welcomes the Springer takeover as a necessary measure to counter the influence of "left-wing" publications such as Der Spiegel and Stern:

Consider the two weeklies Stern and Der Spiegel, both with circulations of over a million and links to Bertelsmann. Der Spiegel in particular is considered Germany’s most high-brow and influential political magazine. To give a flavor of the kind of image these two publications spread of the U.S. and the Bush administration, one only has to look at some of their covers.

Last fall, when General Motors was considering layoffs at its German Opel unit (which in the end did not happen), Stern’s front page showed a giant cowboy boot with the American flag on it about to step on a group of people grouped together to form the Opel logo. The headline was "The Wild-West Method." Another front page in March 2004 showed President George W. Bush in front of an American flag above what looks like a Middle Eastern city from which smoke is rising up. Headline: "How America lied to the world." The story was about the Iraq war, of course.

[…]Rather than stifling the political debate, Springer’s expansion to the TV world is likely to introduce the kind of "plurality of opinions" its opponents claim he threatens.

But an entirely different take on the deal can by Wolfgang Lieb on the Web site NachDenkSeiten.

Lieb surveys the German media landscape and finds a lack of diversity in opinion with respect to discussion of critical social-economic issues.  The viewpoint is decidedly slanted to the neo-liberal policy, in favor of "reforms" that weaken the rights and benefits of workers.  Lieb sees little difference between Der Spiegel and Die Welt in this case. 

Das Magazin passe in eine Zeit, wo links fast rechts sei und klare Haltungen schnell unter Ideologieverdacht stünden. Der neue Chefredakteur Stefan Aust wendete das Blatt für sich. Aust der zur Zeit nicht einmal mehr einen Herausgeber über sich hat, schiele vor allem auf die Auflage und handele meistens, bevor er nachdenke. Die Spiegel-Redakteure die einen Anteil von 50% am Verlag besitzen, ließen sich ihr schlechtes journalistisches Gewissen und ihren sachlichen Widerstand durch die hohen Gewinnbeteiligungen abkaufen oder aber sie verließen das Haus. Aust hat sich mit dem bertelsmannschen Gruner + Jahr Verlag arrangiert und den Schulterschluss mit Springer gefunden. Austs Kronprinz, Gabor Steingart, der Leiter des Hauptstadtbüros habe sich schon 1998 eine große Koalition gewünscht und sei dafür bekannt, „dass er die Globalisierung liebt und den Sozialstaat abschaffen will – zugunsten von möglichst viel Freiheit für die Arbeitgeber“. Steingarts Buch „Deutschland – der Abstieg eines Superstars“ ist der beredte Beweis dafür. Dass Aust und Steingart nicht nur im Spiegel das Sagen haben, sondern auch schon das öffentlich-rechtliche Fernsehen mit ihrem Credo missionieren dürfen, beweist die vor kurzem ausgestrahlte und groß aufgemotzte dreiteilige ZDF-Serie der „Fall Deutschland“. Das im SPIEGEL-Haus erscheinende „Manager-Magazin“ gibt schon mit seinem Namen die wirtschaftspolitische Richtung an.

If a free and objective press is a necessary component of true democracy, then Lieb’s central thesis is pretty depressing:

Presse- und Medienfreiheit ist die Freiheit einiger weniger reichen Leute, die ihre wirtschaftlichen Interessen mit ihrer Medienmacht verteidigen und politisch durchsetzen. (WL)

(trans. The freedom of the press and the media is the freedom of a handful of wealthy individuals, who protect and politically advance their economic interests by means of their media-power).

We have of course the same phenomenon in the United States, with huge media assets falling in the hands of Rupert Murdoch.  But more pernicious is the role played by giant corporate conglomerates such as General Electric and Walt Disney. An overview of media ownership can be found in this site maintained by the Columbia Journalism Review.  The real journalism today is being provided by the citizen journalists of the blogosphere. 

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Andy Lang August 22, 2005 - 4:33 pm

Thanks for this overview. The link to the Columbia Journalism search page for media ownership was especially helpful.
When I was a “cub” reporter for a daily newspaper in Connecticut in the 1980s, most of the long list of papers in the state now owned by one company (Journal-Register) were independent. Now there’s only one independent left: the paper I worked for, the New London Day. And that has lasted only because the company’s former owner, decades ago, decided to sell it for a dollar to a non-profit foundation (which he created) w/ a legal proviso that the paper can never, ever, be sold. He saw the way the wind was blowing, and decided to protect The Day as a community paper.
It’s still one of the most respected mid-sized dailies in New England. Profits either are reinvested in the paper or contributed to the community. Its journalistic standards remain high.
That’s the exception. I wish it were the rule.

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David August 22, 2005 - 5:51 pm

That owner’s commitment to journalistic integrity is admirable, but unusual. For a downbeat assessment of journalism today read this essay – “No Joy in Mudville: Is Journalism Striking Out?” – by a former newspaperman in Editor & Publisher:
http://www.editorandpublisher.com/eandp/columns/shoptalk_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001015117

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